Thursday, March 15, 2012

Tibetan exiles to leave on 6-month protest march from India into Tib

Hundreds of Tibetan exiles began a six-month march from India to Tibet on Monday to protest Beijing hosting this summer's Olympic Games, while the Dalai Lama accused China of human rights violations in the Himalayan region.

The march was one of several events held Monday to mark the anniversary of a failed uprising against Chinese rule in Tibet that forced the Dalai Lama, the Tibetan Buddhist spiritual leader, into exile in 1959. Protesters also held demonstrations in New Delhi and Katmandu, Nepal, where 10 activists were detained after hundreds clashed with police.

Speaking Monday in the northern Indian city of Dharmsala, the seat of the Tibetan government …

Spate of thefts sees 40 vehicles hit in 10 days Dozens of cars have been hit in a crime spree across Aberdeen.

Dozens of cars have been hit in a crime spree across Aberdeen.

Thieves have targeted 40 vehicles on city streets in the lastweek.

Cars were stolen, broken into and had items nabbed from them.

Motorbikes were also stolen during the spree.

Stolen items included CD players, speakers, amplifiers,toolboxes, sat nav systems, cash, CDs, clothes, binoculars, MP3players, computer equipment and cameras.

The worst-hit area was Stockethill and Cornhill with 15 vehiclestargeted.

The streets involved were Beechwood Road and Walk, Stockethill Wayand Square, Foresterhill Road, Brierfield Terrace, Woodhill Court,South Walk, Cornhill Road and Grove …

Lying about Hitler

Lying about Hitler

Who is RICHARD J. EVANS? The name of the distinguished professor of modern history at Cambridge University in England is certainly not a familiar one in America.

But it ought to be better known, because he was of the leading experts, and the chief advisor, in the groundbreaking David Irving libel trial in London.

IT WAS JUST A YEAR AGO this month that Irving's civil suit against Deborah Lipstadt and her British publisher, Penguin, ended.

Irving, the author of numerous works on the Nazi era and the only Holocaust denier who could claim any serious attention from historians, maintained that he had been defamed in the American author's book, …

Wednesday, March 14, 2012

US mil begins flying Georgian troops home

A senior U.S. military official says the Americans have begun flying Georgian troops home from Iraq after they requested help with transportation.

Georgia has called its 2,000 troops home from Iraq to help in the fighting against Russia in the breakaway province of South Ossetia and asked …

NBA players say owning guns is OK, if done legally

Not only have David Stern's pleas to leave the guns at home been ignored, one player even brought his to work.

The commissioner could hand Gilbert Arenas a severe punishment whenever he decides to take action, but it seems clear Stern can't convince NBA players not to carry firearms.

As far as they're concerned, players have the right _ and maybe even the need _ to own weapons, as long as they're doing it legally.

"We're grown men. We protect our families. We protect our homes," said Knicks guard Larry Hughes, who isn't licensed to own a gun. "Whatever the case may be, whoever is bearing arms, I hope everything is done, you know, …

Fire hosts rival Burn // Familiar MLS foe visits Soldier Field for home opener

The Dallas Burn was a big part of the Fire's drive to theMajor League Soccer and U.S. Open Cup titles last season.

When the Fire mounted an 11-game winning streak atmidseason, the Burn was a victim three times in a 17-day span. TheBurn was also the defending champion in the U.S. Open Cup until theFire ended Dallas' reign with a 3-2 victory in the semifinals in NewOrleans.

Tonight, the Fire is the defending champion when the Burnvisits Soldier Field for the home opener. Fire players will receivetheir championship rings in a 6:45 p.m. ceremony before Gov. Ryankicks the ceremonial first ball.The teams met five times last year, the Fire winning …

Oil hovers above $93 amid US crude supply gain

SINGAPORE (AP) — Oil prices hovered above $93 a barrel Wednesday in Asia after a report showed U.S. crude supplies grew more than expected last week, suggesting demand remains sluggish.

Benchmark crude for December delivery was up 16 cents at $93.33 a barrel at midday Singapore time in electronic trading on the New York Mercantile Exchange. The contract rose $1.90, or 2.1 percent, to settle at $93.17 in New York on Tuesday.

Brent crude was up 31 cents at $111.23 a barrel on the ICE Futures Exchange in London.

The American Petroleum Institute said late Tuesday that crude inventories rose 2.7 million barrels last week while analysts surveyed by Platts, the energy …

Netanyahu: Flotilla raid was self defense

Israeli prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu says commandos who raided a Gaza aid flotilla, killing nine and injuring dozens of others, were under attack and acting in self defense.

Netanyahu spoke after a meeting with Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper.

The Israeli leader was cutting short his visit in Canada Monday and canceling a visit planned Tuesday with U.S. President Barack Obama in Washington so that he could return home.

Netanyahu says Israel wanted to check the cargo to ensure it contained no weapons.

He says this was done successfully with five ships, but the sixth did not cooperate.

He says hundreds of people on …

NCAA Division I Basketball Conference Tournaments

America East Conference

At The Events Center

Vestal, N.Y.

First Round

Friday, March 3

Maryland-Baltimore County vs. Stony Brook, 7 p.m.

Quarterfinals

Saturday, March 4

Binghamton vs. Maine, Noon

Boston University vs. Vermont, 2:30 p.m.

Albany, N.Y. vs. Maryland-Baltimore County-Stony Brook winner, 6p.m.

Hartford vs. New Hampshire, 8:30 p.m.

Semifinals

Sunday, March 5

Binghamton-Maine winner vs. Boston University-Vermont winner, Noon

Albany-UMBC-Stony Brook winner vs. Hartford-New Hampshire winner,2:30 p.m.

Championship

At Higher Seed

Saturday, March …

Republicans debate immigration before largely Hispanic audience

Republican presidential hopeful John McCain told a Spanish language television audience during a primary debate that harsh immigration rhetoric voiced by some Republicans have driven Hispanics away from the party.

McCain has stood apart from most of his Republican rivals because he supported changing immigration laws and creating a path for citizenship for illegal immigrants.

"I think some of the rhetoric that many Hispanics hear about illegal immigration makes some of them believe that we are not in favor of or seek the support of Hispanic citizens in this country," the Arizona senator said Sunday evening after the moderator noted that the …

Sox convince Putz to join the bullpen

Thanks to the recruiting tactics of White Sox reliever Matt Thornton -- and $3 million -- the Sox announced Friday they've signed veteran right-handed reliever J.J. Putz to a one-year deal with incentives for 2010.

The Sox, who are looking to make their bullpen more formidable, are hoping Putz's elbow isn't a problem after he had surgery to remove bone spurs while playing for the New York Mets last season. He became a free agent this offseason when the Mets declined to pick up his 2010 option.

The Sun-Times reported Tuesday that general manager Ken Williams had Thornton working on recruiting Putz, 32 -- his close friend for more than 10 years -- similar to the way reliever …

Popolo 'aiakeakua

Popolo 'aiakeakua

Solanum sandwicense

Status Endangered
Listed February 25, 1994
Family Solanaceae (Nightshade)
Description Large sprawling shrub with oval leaves, and up to 40 white flowers, grouped in threes, with a purplish stripe.
Habitat Open, sunny areas at higher elevations in diverse lowland and drier portions of montane mesic forests.
Threats Feral pigs, alien plants, human impact, natural disaster, low populations.
Range Hawaii

Description

Popolo 'aiakeakua (Solanum sandwicense ) is a large sprawling shrub in the nightshade family (Solanaceae) that grows up to 13 ft (4 m) high. The younger branches are more densely hairy than older branches. The oval leaves are usually 4-6 in (10-15 cm) long and 2-5.5 in (5-14 cm) wide and have up to four lobes along the margins. Leaf stalks are 0.8-1.6 in (2-4 cm) long. On the flowering stem, a few to as many as 40 flowers are grouped in threes, with each flower on a stalk that is about 0.6 in (1.5 cm) long and is bent at the end so that the flower faces downward. The corolla is white with a faint purplish stripe, and each lobe is curved somewhat backward. Stamens are attached low on the corolla tube, with anthers curved inward. The fruit is a berry 0.5-0.6 in (1.3-1.5 cm) in diameter and black when ripe. This species differs from others in the genus in having dense hairs on young plant parts, a greater height, and its lack of prickles.

Habitat

S. sandwicense is typically found in open, sunny areas at elevations of 2,500-4,000 ft (760-1,220 m) in diverse lowland to montane mesic forests, and occasionally in wet forests. Associated vegetation includes koa, 'ohi'a, uluhe, and wet forest plants such as kopiko, ho'i'o, and the more common Melicope species (alani).

Distribution

S. sandwicense was known historically from widely scattered populations throughout the Waianae Mountains and southern portions of the Koolau Mountains on the Hawaiian island of Oahu. On the island of Kauai, this species was known from locations in the Kokee regions bounded by Kalalau Valley to the north, Milolii Ridge to the west, and Kawaikoi to the east, extending southward to the Hanapepe River.

This species is now known on Oahu from a single population on privately owned land in what is now Honouliuli Preserve. One other population was destroyed by a landslide in 1986. The Kauai populations are on private and state land and most are from Kokee and Na Pali Coast State Park. Of the 12 known historical populations, only four are currently extant; these number about 20 plants.

Threats

The major threats to populations on Kauai are habitat degradation by feral pigs and competition with alien plants, especially banana poka, prickly Florida blackberry, strawberry guava, kahili ginger, and Japanese honeysuckle. S. sandwicense is also threatened by fire, overcollecting by scientists, and stochastic extinction and reduced reproductive vigor as a result of limited numbers.

All Oahu populations except one are now apparently extinct, the result of habitat being destroyed by urbanization, landslides, feral pigs, and alien weeds.

Conservation and Recovery

S. sandwicense has been successfully propagated and then cultivated by the Lyon Arboretum, the National Tropical Botanical Garden, and the Waimea Arboretum. Holdings at Lyon Arboretum through 1995 consisted of 12 plants in the tissue culture lab. Through the same year, the National Tropical Botanical Garden had seeds in short-term storage as well as plants growing in their garden, while Waimea Arboretum had two plants.

In the late 1990s, the Kauai District of the State of Hawaii's Division of Forestry and Wildlife completed fencing in Kuia National Area Reserve; this fencing will protect the S. sandwicense population there.

The Nature Conservancy of Hawaii is planning on outplanting approximately 10 seedlings of this species in Honoutiuli Preserve on Oahu.

Contact

U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Regional Office, Division of Endangered Species
Eastside Federal Complex
911 N. E. 11th Ave.
Portland, Oregon 97232-4181
Telephone: (503) 231-6121
http://pacific.fws.gov/

Reference

U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 1995. "Recovery Plan for the Kauai Plant Cluster." U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Portland, Oreg. 270 pp.

Latest developments in Arab world's unrest

___

SYRIA

Syrian troops push to the Turkish border in their sweep against a 3-month-old pro-democracy movement, sending panicked refugees, including children, rushing across the frontier to safe havens in Turkey. The European Union announces it is slapping new sanctions on the Syrian regime because of the "gravity of the situation," in which the Syrian opposition says 1,400 people have been killed in a relentless government crackdown.

___

LIBYA

Supporters of Moammar Gadhafi rally in Tripoli after the Libyan leader lashes out at NATO over civilian casualties, calling the alliance "murderers" following an airstrike on the family home of a close associate. A few hundred supporters, most of them women, gather in the capital's Green Square hours after the late-night speech, vowing to defend the Libyan leader against rebels seeking to oust him and NATO forces giving them air support. Gadhafi also warns the alliance that its more than three-month mission in Libya is a "Crusader's campaign" that could come back to haunt the West.

___

EGYPT

The outgoing Arab League chief says the Arab world's uprisings have set the region on a path of change. It is Amr Moussa's last speech Thursday to the 22-member organization before he leaves to run for president of Egypt. Moussa says the ongoing revolts will not be in vain, because "the Arab nation is on the right track."

___

YEMEN

A senior U.S. diplomat pushing for a peaceful transfer of power in Yemen says that whichever side emerges from the four-month political crisis to lead the nation will cooperate with Washington in battling Yemen's al-Qaida branch. The Obama administration fears Yemen's turmoil will give al-Qaida in the Arabian Peninsula more room to operate freely and plot attacks on the West from the country's remote and mountainous reaches. The U.S. says the Yemen-based militants are now the terrorist network's No. 1 threat and has carried out expanded strikes against them with armed drones and warplanes.

Tuesday, March 13, 2012

Joint will may seem sensible, but it might cause problems

Q. My husband and I are thinking about making our wills. Wewill be leaving everything to the other and then to be equallydivided among our three children. Because the terms of each of ourwills are going to be exactly the same, wouldn't it be just as goodand perhaps somewhat easier and cheaper to prepare one joint will forthe both of us? I know it is possible, but lawyers seem to adviseagainst it.

Is there any valid reason against joint wills other than thatthe fees for two simple wills probably are more than for one simplewill?

A. There are several reasons, and a higher fee isn't one ofthem. In fact, with the simple wills you describe, to avoid thepossible problems that could arise with joint (or joint and mutualwills - they're not the same) wills, having it written might be morecomplicated and expensive than a pair of single wills.

First, when it comes to the writing of wills, the use of preciselanguage to spell out precise intentions is essential. For example,your statement, "We will be leaving everything to the other and thento be divided equally among our three children" is ambiguous. Do youwant to leave everything to the surviving spouse without any strings,with the surviving spouse leaving his or her estate to the threechildren? Or do you want to leave to the surviving spouse only alife estate in everything, with whatever is left upon the death ofthe surviving spouse going to the three children?

Or is it your intention that the surviving spouse is to geteverything without strings - which is probably what you do mean -with a further agreement between you and your husband that thesurviving spouse will leave his or her entire estate equally to thethree children? If this is your intention, is it also your intentionthat this agreement shall be irrevocable so that the surviving spousewould never be able to change his or her will if the circumstanceschange many years from now?

A joint will is simply two separate and distinct wills, usuallythose of husband and wife and usually with similar terms, written asone document. When the first spouse dies, the joint will as itpertains to the estate of the deceased spouse is probated. When thesurviving spouse dies, the part of the document pertaining to thesurviving spouse's estate is then probated.

The only difference between one joint will and two individualwills, besides saving a few sheets of paper, is the additional redtape caused if the surviving spouse has moved to anotherjurisdiction. Say the survivor's will has to be probated in Florida,but the will is part of the permanent files of the probate court herein Illinois. Surely this is no insurmountable problem, but avoidingthis possibility surely outweighs the saving of a few sheets ofpaper.

Of much greater importance is the possibility that someone couldinterpret the joint will as a joint and mutual will - and that couldcreate a big problem.

With a joint and mutual will, each of the testators has agreedthat this is how their individual estates shall be distributed upontheir deaths. It is a contract between the two of them, and upon thedeath of the first, the contract becomes binding on the survivor andthe will of the survivor has now become irrevocable.

Perhaps at the moment you don't care if your will as you nowplan it becomes irrevocable. But during the intervening yearsbetween the death of the first of you and the death of the survivor,conditions may have changed dramatically.

Furthermore, in the case of a large estate, a joint and mutualwill could have serious tax consequences because if the will isinterpreted as leaving the wife what would essentially be only a lifeestate in the property, with whatever is left going to the children,the IRS could take the position that the life estate bequest to thesurviving spouse does not qualify for the 100 percent maritaldeduction. This would subject the estate to taxes it might otherwisenot have to pay.

Send legal questions to Leonard Groupe, Chicago Sun-Times, 401 N.Wabash, Chicago 60611. Questions of general interest will beanswered in the column.

Titanium Metals reports sharp drop in 4Q profit

Titanium Metals Corp. said Monday that its fourth-quarter profit fell sharply compared to a year ago due to production delays in the commercial aerospace industry and the weak economy.

Net income fell to $4.9 million, or 3 cents per share, in the fourth quarter of 2009, from $34.4 million, or 19 cents per share in the year-earlier period.

Still, the company's earnings were above analysts' estimates of a penny per share, according to Thomson Financial.

Shares of Titanium Metals jumped by 41 cents, or 3.5 percent, to $12.20 in afternoon trading.

Revenue dropped to $183.5 million from $265.2 million in the fourth quarter of 2008 but surpassed the average estimate of $175.6 million.

For all of 2009, net income was $34.3 million, or 19 cents per share, compared to $162.2 million or 89 cents per share, in 2008. Sales fell to $774 million from $1.15 billion in 2008.

The company attributed the falling sales and profits to lower demand for titanium stemming from production delays at Boeing Co.

But Bobby O'Brien, CEO of Titanium, said that Boeing's plan to start delivering its new 787 airplane to customers by the fourth quarter of this year should boost demand for titanium for the next two to three years.

That, in turn, should boost the company's sales and operating profits, he said.

The longer-term outlook is also favorable, O'Brien said, because of the aerospace industry's interest in fuel-efficient aircraft, which require a higher proportion of titanium metal.

Obama to inspect flood damage in New Jersey

WASHINGTON (AP) — A week after Hurricane Irene caused massive flooding as it barreled up the East Coast, President Barack Obama will visit northern New Jersey for a first-hand look at the damage.

The president is visiting Paterson, New Jersey, about noon EDT (1600 GMT) on Sunday. The Passaic River swept through the once-booming factory town of 150,000, flooded its downtown and forced hundreds to evacuate.

New Jersey Gov. Chris Christie plans to lead Obama's tour of the flood damage in Paterson.

Obama's visit comes as officials keep an eye on Tropical Storm Lee down south.

That storm is unleashing heavy rain and wind on Gulf Coast states, including Louisiana, which is still recovering from Hurricane Katrina six years ago. Lee is expected to dump up to 20 inches (50 centimeters) in some areas.

Inland skips 2nd-quarter dividend

Reflecting hard times in the steel industry, Inland SteelIndustries Wednesday decided to skip its second-quarter cash dividendon common shares.

The company paid cash dividends of 15 cents per share in 1991'sfirst quarter and 35 cents per share in each quarter of 1990 and1989.

The company last suspended dividend payments in the fourthquarter of 1985 but resumed in the first quarter of 1988.

"Demand for our principal products - sheets and bar steels forconsumer durables - fell to low levels as consumer spending forautomobiles and appliances remained particularly weak," said ChairmanFrank W. Luerssen at the company's annual meeting Wednesday.

By skipping the dividend, Inland is conserving its cash.

During the first quarter, when the company operated at 77percent of capacity, Inland's wholly owned Inland Steel Co.subsidiary lost $75.1 million, compared with net income of $12.6million a year earlier.

Today, Inland is operating at even less than 77 percent.

"There are no clear indications that the economy is recoveringand our order book for the second quarter shows little improvement,"Luerssen said.

But Inland has adequate financing capacity even if the recessioncontinues for the rest of the year, the company said.

The firm has been hit harder than some other steelmakers,partially because it has had difficulty supplying quality flat-rolledsteel to I/N Tek, a joint-venture facility in New Carlisle, Ind.,said Christopher Plummer, a steel analyst with WEFA Group of BalaCynwyd, Pa.

Also Wednesday, Inland announced that it has trimmed another$100 million from its 1991 capital spending program. Earlier, thesteelmaker had said its spending would be $365 million, down $85million from a year earlier.

Completion of I/N Kote, its other joint venture with NipponSteel Corp. in New Carlisle, won't be slowed down. It is to beginoperations later this year.

The second-quarter dividend would have been payable June 1 tostockholders of record on May 8.

Inland said it will restore the dividend as soon as possibleafter a return to profitability and economic recovery in the steelindustry.

BE THE WORM; The art of book clubs

You are a reader. You enjoy the elegant construction of words and the transport of the imagination. You like mysteries and fables, tales of obsession and angst, heartbreaking memoirs and the occasional romance. You may read alone, but there are myriad of you - housewives and lawyers, bartenders and nurses, professors and modern dancers - and you crave community. You want to share readerly opinions, respects, inspirations - plus dessert and a good bottle of wine, or two.

Your answer: the book club.

Many of you already know this, are already sharing a communal text and bandying about literary ideas and social commentary once or twice a month. But, still more of you are wondering how, why, where to find a diverse and interesting group to join up with or to inaugurate. Here's the scoop.

The book club is a complex and intriguing entity. Part salon, part social club, the book club can bring together close friends or new acquaintances in a manner that uniquely creates an intellectual, if not always like-minded, bond. Reading a single text - be it novel, memoir, historical fiction, short story collection, poetry - and sharing divergent thoughts, can allow the members of a book club to stimulate the brain and the emotions, in a manner not common in our everyday existence.

Connie Weaver, who heads up the Log Cabin Literary Center's "Be Aware the Ides of March" book club gathering, has been involved in a Boise Cascade book club for over 25 years. She is someone who, as a lifetime reader, knows the value of getting together with friends and workmates, amongst whom she counts herself the veteran member.

"For people who love to read," she says, "the next step is discussing what they've read. Add in a little background about the author, the history of the period, and a bit of food and you have the most enjoyable time. Even though we read for pleasure, we all seek the opportunity to learn. Whether it involves another culture, a social issue, history, or a new author, we want more knowledge."

If you are considering joining a book club, the Log Cabin's Ides of March gathering (March 15) will be a fine place to get information on established and upstart groups. As well, Barnes & Noble and Borders offer a number of options. There is also the Internet, where a multitude of online book clubs reside, and where you need only do the simplest of searches to yield a ton of information.

If you are looking to form your own book club, gather five, eight, ten acquaintances together for coffee and dessert, or - depending on who you know - beer and French fries, or martinis and cigars. When you get together, you should discuss what it is you'd like to get out of the endeavor. Then you can form a general list of books you think would be good to read, choose one and set a date (a month or so out) to meet again. As a general rule, genre books - i.e. sci-fi, romance, who-done-its - don't work as well as more literary, character-driven fiction, or thought-provoking nonfiction. This is because "literary" books will usually offer more than plot, more than circumstance and drama. Books like Anne Patchett's Bel Canto (last year's "What if everyone in Boise read the same book" selection), or Gabriel Garcia Marquez's One Hundred Years of Solitude (the cu rent Oprah Book Club selection) engage serious, resonant, discussable ideas. Bu of course, it's your book club. Decide what you will.

Once you have settled on a text and have read it, it's helpful to do some prep work before you meet again. Form a list of questions - "What aspects of the main character do you admire or distrust?" "What symbolisms are at work in the text?" "What are the social implications of the book?" "What did you respect most about the writing?" etc. You can also do some biographical research on the author or seek out literary criticism on the text. You might research the place or subject matter of the book. You might examine how this book fits into the author's body of work. If you come armed with enhanced methods of examining and discussing your club's chosen book it can only help spark the discussion.

On top of all this, your group might want to think about creating themed meals, cocktails or desserts that relate to the setting of the book, or the ethnicity of the author.

Shauna Doerr, a Boise book clubber, and wife of author Anthony "The Shell Collector" Doerr, speaks highly of her group here in town. "The thing I really liked the most about the club," she says, "is that when I joined half the people were really good friends of mine and half the club I hadn't met. It's all women, early thirties, and it was a great opportunity to meet new people at a time in life when it gets a little harder to make new friends."

Doerr continues, "I guess our club is mostly an excuse for us ladies to get together and talk and eat dessert and drink wine. We spend a lot of time catching up, and not a ton of time talking about the book. Almost everyone has small children, so it's a great girls' night out."

Though much of the value of the book club lies in its easy social capacity, it seems the discordant and charged discussions have their place, too.

"Some of our best discussions have come to light when members of the group were strongly divided about the book," Weaver says. "Some came to the defense of the author or the protagonist, others stood their ground on the opposite side."

Doerr concurs, "In our group no one is afraid to speak up if they just couldn't get through a book, and I'm not sure we have had a club where everyone has read the whole book yet."

The pursuit of knowledge, camaraderie, and sustenance is what the book club is all about.

Article copyright Bar Bar Inc.

Photograph (It's never too early to cultivate a love of the book)

What's your favourite Scottish delicacy?

Mince and tatties with neeps and carrots. It was the first thingI learned to cook.

Neil Chalmers, 30, fisherman, Woodside

Haggis, neeps and tatties. It's a nice dish and all Scottishpeople should love it.

Simon Adams, 20, care worker, Kinneff

Scotch broth. It's proper Scottish food. It's got everything youneed in one meal.

Heather Ritchie, 19, student nurse, Fraserburgh

I like stovies made with roast beef. It's a fine, hot meal on acold day.

Anne Gordon, 58, clerical assistant, Hilton

G-8 industrial nations pledge to help jobless

Labor ministers of the Group of Eight industrialized countries pledged Tuesday to tackle the "human dimension" of the global economic crisis by easing unemployment and strengthening welfare systems.

The conclusions of the three-day gathering in Rome are being forwarded to a G-20 summit in London on Thursday to push world leaders to focus on the rising numbers of jobless as they try to fix the world financial system.

"Governments must first of all care for those who lose their jobs," Italian Premier Silvio Berlusconi said at a news conference. "We intend to get out of this crisis without leaving anyone behind."

The G-8 labor ministers met with international organizations and representatives of six emerging countries to discuss ways to create jobs, improve training of workers and aid the unemployed.

Italian Labor Minister Maurizio Sacconi said the summit wanted to send out the message that "while we are dealing with banks and bankers, the ultimate goal of our policies is to help people."

Sacconi said it was essential for countries to keep laid off workers in the job market so that it's easier to rehire them once the situation improves. Italy has been trying to limit job losses in the auto and other key industrial sectors through temporary layoff schemes under which workers receive benefits from a government fund.

The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development has warned the unemployment rate among member countries could approach 10 percent in 2010, compared with 5.6 percent in 2007.

According to a summary of the Rome discussions circulated by the Labor Ministry, welfare systems were also considered a key to global economic recovery.

By taking care of basic needs like health care, pensions and education, welfare systems can contribute to creating a "virtuous circle" of confidence that will encourage consumers to resume spending and restart the economy, the document said.

The members of the G-8 are Britain, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia and the United States. Representatives of Brazil, China, Egypt, India, Mexico and South Africa also joined the Rome summit.

The participation of developing countries highlighted how the crisis is also cutting the remittances immigrants send back home to their relatives, who often depend on the money to survive. Mexico Secretary for Social Development Ernesto Cordero said the flow of money from Mexican emigrants had dropped 8-10 percent.